高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中磷脂酰丝氨酸含量

摘 要: 目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定磷脂酰丝氨酸。方法 样品经过正己烷：异丙醇（25：75, V:V）溶解, 以正己烷：异丙醇：1%磷酸水溶液=（25:70:5, V:V:V）为流动相, 等度洗脱, 经SIL 色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm）分离, 并于205 nm波长检测。结果 磷脂酰丝氨酸在浓度0.13504~0.67520 mg/mL之间呈现良好的线性关系, r=0.9993, 平均回收率为96.16%~99.60%, 相对标准偏差为1.1%。结论 该方法测定保健食品中磷脂酰丝氨酸含量具专属性强, 耗时短、操作简便、准确、重现性好，可在实验室推广。     

利用非糖物质快速鉴别单花蜂蜜

本文利用非糖物质快速鉴别四种常见的单花蜂蜜(枸杞蜂蜜、荆条蜂蜜、枣花蜂蜜和洋槐蜂蜜)。利用固相萃取除糖提取蜂蜜非糖物质,并用高效液相色谱(HPLC)结合化学计量学进行蜂蜜花源的判定。发现了四种单花蜂蜜的非糖特征标志物。芦丁、丁香酸甲酯、阿魏酸的含量在四种蜂蜜中差异最大。对羟基苯甲酸和脱落酸在枸杞蜂蜜中平均含量分别为0.59μg/g和0.42μg/g,可作为枸杞蜂蜜的花源标志物;对香豆酸和肉桂酸在荆条蜂蜜中平均含量为0.08μg/g和0.05μg/g,可作为荆条蜂蜜的潜在花源标志物;阿魏酸、异阿魏酸是枣花蜂蜜的特征标志物,平均含量分别为0.40μg/g和0.76μg/g;洋槐蜂蜜的特征标志物是芦丁和丁香酸甲酯,平均含量为0.08μg/g和0.14μg/g。利用高效液相色谱指纹图谱结合化学计量学方法(主成分分析和判别分析),四种单花蜂蜜依据其花源被成功区分。本研究对蜂蜜真实性判定有重要参考价值,为后续蜂蜜真伪鉴别奠定基础。     

综采放顶煤工作面高位巷抽采关键技术研究

为了保证九里山矿1508工作面采空区瓦斯治理效果，通过现场数据测定、实验考察和理论分析，研究了推进度、抽采负压、抽采管网等高位巷抽采关键参数。研究结果表明，工作面煤层越厚、推进度越快，瓦斯涌出量越大；孔抽期间理想抽采负压为25～30 kPa、巷抽期间理想抽采负压为5～10 kPa，高位巷并联支路及管路阻力会影响高位巷的抽采效果。     

矿产资源供应能力评价的FAHP方法

为了合理地开发和利用资源，提高资源利用效率和矿业发展质量，科学论证与评价矿产资源供应能力，具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。采用定性定量相结合的模糊层次分析法（FAHP），构建了矿产资源的供应能力的评价模型，并以我国2006—2015年钴资源的历史数据为例，将资源禀赋、供需市场、政治环境作为评价准则，通过对评价指标进行分析，得到了钴资源供应能力的评价值均在1以下，并呈现逐年下降趋势。研究结果表明，我国钴资源的供应能力整体偏弱，今后几年钴资源供应能力仍会维持在较低水平。     

Shape from focus based on 3D structure tensor using optical microscopy

Shape from focus (SFF) is a widely used passive optical method for 3D shape reconstruction. In SFF, a focus measure, which is used to estimate the relative focus level, plays a critical role in depth estimation. In this article, we present a new focus measure for accurate 3D shape estimation in optical microscopy based on the analysis of 3D structure tensor. First, the 3D tensors are computed from the input image sequence for each pixel. Then, each tensor is decomposed into point, curve, and surface tensors by decomposing tensors into eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Finally, the surfaceness is used to measure the quality of sharpness. The proposed focus measure provides accurate focus values and better resistance against noise. The proposed measure is evaluated by conducting experiments using image sequences of simulated and microscopic real objects. The comparative analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed focus measure in recovering 3D shape.     

有机膜精确调控传质的新型溶析结晶及过程强化

溶析结晶是一种环保、高效的结晶方法，在温敏性、低溶解度物系的晶体生产领域具有不可替代的重要作用。但是，传统溶析结晶过程中溶液过饱和度的时空均一性差，传质调控为微米级尺度，容易爆发成核，是亟待解决的关键问题。本文提出利用聚醚砜（PES）中空纤维膜，为溶析剂与结晶溶液之间的传质提供均匀稳定的界面，实现结晶溶液与溶析剂的精确混合和结晶过程强化，开发了一种新型的溶析结晶传质调控技术。溶析剂在压力差驱动下均匀渗透通过有机膜，在结晶溶液一侧的膜外表面形成溶析剂液膜层，通过表面液膜的不断更新，将传统溶析结晶的毫米级宏观混合转变为亚微米级尺度的微观混合，实现过饱和度的均匀分布。同时，这层液膜的存在，避免了结晶溶液直接接触膜表面，有效地解决了异相成核附着导致膜污染的问题。实验中，对壳程流速做出周期性改变后，渗透通量可即时发生一致的线性响应变化，证实有机膜调控传质过程的精确性和灵敏性。PES膜重复使用多次后，渗透通量仍可以保持稳定。相比传统的滴加式溶析结晶，在相同的溶析剂传质速率下，有机膜调控过程制备的晶体产品，形貌更加规整、粒径分布更集中。因此，在溶析剂精确传质和抗污染方面，有机膜调控的溶析结晶过程均表现出良好的性能，为药物、大分子结晶的高效工业化制备开拓了新的思路。     

Multiplane displays based on liquid crystals for AR applications

Multiplane displays are capable of displaying 3D scenes with correct focus cues by creating multilayer 2D images in the display volume. Hence, such a 3D display technique could effectively address the accommodation‐vergence conflict (AVC) problem, which is prevalent in augmented reality (AR) displays. In this paper, we review the recent progress on multiplane AR displays based on liquid crystals (LCs) for AR applications. The working principle of multiplane AR displays is illustrated, the electro‐optical properties of the tunable LC devices are investigated and display prototypes are demonstrated. Finally, we discuss the prospects and challenges of multiplane AR displays based on LCs.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测新鲜蔬菜中的氯酸盐残留

目的建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)检测新鲜蔬菜中氯酸盐的分析方法。方法称5 g样品,分别用5 mL乙腈提取2次,合并提取溶液,定容,无需净化步骤,选择Hypercarb多孔石墨化碳色谱柱作为固定相,1%乙酸-水溶液和1%乙酸-甲醇溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱色谱分离,然后采用电喷雾离子化三重四极杆串联质谱测定。结果氯酸盐在0.0025～0.2 mg/L范围内峰面积与质量浓度的线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)大于0.999;平均回收率为72.9%～100.2%,相对标准偏差为1.8%～6.2%,氯酸盐的定量限为0.01 mg/kg。结论该方法简单快速、准确可靠、成本低廉,适合新鲜蔬菜中氯酸盐的测定。     

通过RRLC-Q-TOF MS和UPLC-QQQ MS分析原人参三醇型皂苷在人肠道菌群中的代谢产物

通过高分离度快速液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(RRLC-Q-TOF MS)和超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-QQQ MS)法对原人参三醇型皂苷Re、Rg 1、Rg 2、Rh 1、Rf、F 1、R 1在人肠道菌群中的转化产物进行定性、定量分析,确定原人参三醇型皂苷的代谢产物、转化途径和60 h时的转化率。结果表明,人参皂苷Re的转化产物为人参皂苷Rg 1、Rg 2、Rh 1、F 1和PPT,转化率为91%;人参皂苷Rg 1的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1、F 1和PPT,转化率为80%;人参皂苷Rg 2的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1和PPT,转化率为73%;人参皂苷Rh 1和F 1主要通过PPT代谢,转化率分别为82%和81%;人参皂苷Rf的转化产物为人参皂苷Rh 1和PPT,转化率为89%;三七皂苷R 1的转化产物为人参皂苷Rg 1、R 2、Rh 1和PPT,转化率为79%。原人参三醇型皂苷类成分可被人肠道菌群代谢,主要通过丢失糖残基形成转化产物,而次级皂苷和苷元是人参在体内发挥药理作用的物质基础。     

Transient liquid phase diffusion process for porous mullite ceramics with excellent mechanical properties

Porous mullite ceramics were fabricated by the transient liquid phase diffusion process, using quartz and fly-ash floating bead (FABA) particles and corundum fines as starting materials. The effects of sintering temperatures on the evolution of phase composition and microstructure, linear shrinkage, porosity and compressive strength of ceramics were investigated. It is found that a large amount of quartz and FABA particles can be transformed into SiO₂-rich liquid phase during the sintering process, and the liquid phase is transient in the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system, which can accelerate the mullitization rate and promote the growth of mullite grains. A large number of closed pores in the mullite ceramics are formed due to the transient liquid phase diffusion at elevated temperatures. The porous mullite ceramics with high closed porosity (about 30%) and excellent compressive strength (maximum 105?MPa) have been obtained after fried at 1700?°C.